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Shaping reliability strategy at a new manufacturing facility

  • 1.  Shaping reliability strategy at a new manufacturing facility

    Posted 09-26-2022 11:15 AM
    I recently took a position as the Reliability Engineer for a new food production facility. The company is a startup and this is their first production scale facility. I currently find myself on opposite ends from the Manufacturing Director who is determined to implement a total productive maintenance  strategy and eliminate the maintenance department completely. The Director in questions has loudly promoted the fact that he has accomplished this at his last two sites. Has anyone encountered this before? I am concerned about offloading more complex maintenance tasks to untrained operators (pump rebuilds, seal installation, etc.) and that they will never perform these tasks often enough to become skilled at them. I am worried that we will have a lot of failures on routine maintenance due to the untrained personnel performing them. I could use advice on how to promote the retention of maintenance as a value-add to the site rather than a cost. Another facet is that the maintenance department reports to manufacturing and they could be terminated at his discretion.

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    Brian Sinclair
    Sanford NC
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  • 2.  RE: Shaping reliability strategy at a new manufacturing facility

    Posted 09-27-2022 08:39 AM
    Brian, the first thing you should do is to call a headhunter, because this situation is a recipe for disaster and you are being set up to fail.

    If this Manufacturing Director has done this before at two previous sites, I would love to see the results of those "experiments". The TPM philosophy promotes equipment basic care by operators, leaving the major maintenance tasks to the maintenance organization. In Joel Levitt's book TPM Reloaded, he states that "the maintenance department becomes an advisory group to help with training, setting standards, doing major repairs, troubleshooting, and consulting on maintenance improvement ideas." Elsewhere in the book, he states that "in a complex, dangerous, mission critical process plant, you want your varsity team doing maintenance - not the intramural team, no matter how great their intentions". Wait till you have your first product recall because someone used a non-food-grade lubricant in a service that required food grade.

    I have 45 years experience in the M&R business, have been an SMRP volunteer since 1998, and if I were in your shoes, I would jump ship at the first opportunity. Some battles can't be won and will only damage your career.

    ------------------------------
    Bruce Hawkins, CMRP, CAMA
    cu77tiger55@yahoo.com
    ------------------------------



  • 3.  RE: Shaping reliability strategy at a new manufacturing facility

    Posted 09-27-2022 09:46 AM

    Brian,

    The proof of any good idea is in the tangible results that are of benefit in the context. Sure, maybe this approach really did "work" at other facilities, but what were the results? Did this approach increase X by Y% which one could say was impressive? Further, what was the approach/methodology they took to achieve these impressive results and how long did it take? Ask for details in the hopes that they exist and could benefit your company.

    Further, just because someone is not titled, "Maintenance," that doesn't mean that when they do maintenance tasks that they are not doing maintenance. That said, it's the standards/procedures that are used to support the maintenance tasks that are important. Just because a person has been replacing seals for 25 years does not mean they are doing it right. Yes, it would be foolish to allow an "untrained," person perform any task in any operation. Your training and documentation programs will be critical to the success of this change in the workforce. If there is an increase in post-maintenance failures, then you will have to investigate and adjust to prevent them. Not to put you in a," See, I told you so," position, but rather to make process improvements to everyone's benefit.

    Maintenance, as an activity, is necessary and does deliver value to the company in that it preserves function and supports production levels. Operators can and should play a much more significant role in the overall "maintenance," program given their proximity to and functional knowledge of the equipment. But, given they have the training to do so, where is the line between them doing a maintenance task and when they really should be operating?

    Hope this helps. Thanks for the scenario! Stop by the TRM or IDCON booths (or our sessions) @ SMRP and lets you and I talk more!

    John Q. Todd

    TRM – Sr. Business Consultant



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    John Todd
    Total Resource Management
    Alexandria VA
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  • 4.  RE: Shaping reliability strategy at a new manufacturing facility

    Posted 09-27-2022 12:50 PM
    Oof. The debate over which tasks can be transferred from Maintenance to Operations is a common one. What sounds uncommon about your situation is the determination to go overboard with it.

    One of the lines I've drawn in the sand has to do with lubrication. I'm comfortable with having an operator check an oil level. I may be okay with him adding oil, if the system is error-proofed to prevent adding the wrong type or amount. I'm dead set against letting him anywhere near a grease gun, So far, by explaining the skill set required for proper grease lubrication, I've been able to keep that task within the maintenance organization. Other, more complex, tasks, like laser shaft alignment or wiring up a motor, are a no-brainer. It doesn't sound like you will have the luxury of getting the director to understand that, though.

    I found myself in a politically similar situation many years ago, and fortunately was able to move to a different role within the same company. It changed the trajectory of my career, and in an awesome way. As Brian suggested (along with some solid advice), you're in a losing battle. It could serve as valuable experience or a springboard to a much better opportunity, though, so best of luck!

    ------------------------------
    Dale Nicholson, PE, CMRP, CRL
    Reliability Engineer
    Evonik Corp
    Lafayette IN
    ------------------------------



  • 5.  RE: Shaping reliability strategy at a new manufacturing facility

    Posted 09-27-2022 02:35 PM
    Brian,

    I think it was the movie "Miracle" I read about.  The discussion was, "should we make hockey players actors" or "actors hockey players".   They decided it was MUCH easier to make hockey players actors than the other way around.  Anyone ever played hockey gets this immediately.

    Kind of the same thing here.  IF ANYTHING, get rid of operations and train the maintenance team to operate... Much easier.   I have seen a plant where operations was eliminated.  The maintenance people were running the paper machine in a German mill, no operators.  

    Just a thought.

    ------------------------------
    Torbjorn Idhammar
    President & CEO
    IDCON, Inc.
    http://www.idcon.com
    Raleigh NC
    ------------------------------



  • 6.  RE: Shaping reliability strategy at a new manufacturing facility

    Posted 09-28-2022 10:26 AM
    Brian, I whole heartedly concur with Torbojrn! I worked in an industrial environment where the Operators also MAINTAINED the equipment! I feel the hindrance to this training cost.  My training was over $100k and continued on a regular basis for 25 YEARS! Most companies will not invest that amount into educating their employees. 

    My current location has the two facets completely separate, but I long to get Operators doing at least the minimal tasks (packing adjustments, light bulb changes).  





  • 7.  RE: Shaping reliability strategy at a new manufacturing facility

    Posted 09-29-2022 06:47 AM
    Operator maintenance is merely a category of maintence to be chosen in the context of settling the the full range of strategies. Any organization suggesting that opertator mainenance be the primary maintenance strategy needs to get educated in the principles and practices of an effective mainntenance operations to sustain the plant or asset in the performance of its mission. It is limited to tasks (e.g., checking the oil, changing a bulb) that an operator is capable of doing.





  • 8.  RE: Shaping reliability strategy at a new manufacturing facility

    Posted 11-21-2022 03:18 PM
    Edited by Chelsea Hedges-Chou 11-21-2022 03:20 PM
    Hi Torbjorn, 

    Just wondering if you can share what the name of the company in Germany you refer to above. We have a highly automated system and mid-term would like to see that we replace our operators with maintainers... or as you state above make the Hockey Players actors. I'm finding an uphill battle but have started to gain some ground and benchmarking a successful shift like the one you mention above would be fantastic. Thanks so much- and I love the analogy. 

    Chelsea Hedges-Chou; MBA, P.Eng 

    Maintenance Manager | Global First Power
    905-706-8380 |chelsea.hedges-chou@globalfirstpower.com



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    Chelsea Hedges-Chou
    Toronto ON
    ------------------------------



  • 9.  RE: Shaping reliability strategy at a new manufacturing facility

    Posted 09-28-2022 01:22 PM
    Great question and some very good responses. 

    Maintenance and Reliability has been in a philosophical battle for many years now.  The upper leadership in many companies have bought the book, paid the consultants, and drank the koolaid of anyone can execute maintenance.  But the bottle line is they like the short term cost savings and don't really believe the value is being added by skilled maintenance and reliability folks.  Our understanding of core maintenance and reliability topics is an inch deep and a mile wide in many organizations today.  I've seen some crazy claims by people who come in with their program to do away with maintenance.  Had one VP say he successfully had 5 people run a paper machine complex, do all the maintenance on it and all the predictive maintenance (vibration analysis, oil analysis, etc.).  

    Decisions have consequences and bad decisions have victims.  

    The choice to leave may be a good choice depending on where you are in your career, but I'll offer another perspective.  With these type approaches, it can become very easy to highlight and show the gaps and issues with complete operator executed maintenance.  Before you leave, you can highlight a lot of things not to do and what happens when you do.  Good case study data kinda from the inside before you leave can be interesting.  The light shines brightest when the night is darkest.  It ain't hard to shine in that kind of environment.  It takes some unique discipline to survive and grown in that culture though.

    That said I worked in a very good maintenance and reliability culture at one time in my career and I would always choose that over the other every single time.

    ------------------------------
    Randy Riddell, CMRP, PSAP, CLS
    Reliability Manager
    Essity
    Cherokee AL
    ------------------------------



  • 10.  RE: Shaping reliability strategy at a new manufacturing facility

    Posted 09-28-2022 03:08 PM
    I agree with Bruce Hawkins that TPM done to eliminate maintenance personnel will be disastrous.  In the past I have been part of attempts to combine and cross-train crafts such as mechanics with electricians with instrument techs.  It's kind of like making dentists and GP doctors perform heart and brain surgery without any support, training, mentoring, or guidance.  The same is true with allowing operators into equipment that may need skill sets like programming and calibration of manufacturing equipment.  The other side is the specialized training, OSHA required hazard communication, and certification that many maintenance techs receive.  Knowledge of PM's, electrical codes, stationary engineering permits, NFPA 70E arc flash prevention, NFPA regulations governing furnaces, etc.  Hazards such as permit confined spaces, LOTO, and chemicals operators are usually not aware of.  Sounds like a recipe for disaster.  Not to mention the resentment of the operators who may not have the desire, knowledge, or intellect to perform the work required.

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    John Moylan, CMRP
    I&C Engineer
    Heavy Industry & Power
    ------------------------------



  • 11.  RE: Shaping reliability strategy at a new manufacturing facility

    Posted 09-29-2022 08:32 AM
    Edited by Spencer Pope 09-29-2022 08:47 AM

    Sorry to hear this Brian. There's great advice in the previous posts - I'll add just try to get others in your corner at Meati who are on the same page as you… it's ridiculous to think a startup company can scale up without a foundational department like maintenance. TPM is just to offload simple tasks as mentioned above, not replacing specialized labor. If this is the route the director decides, it’ll come back to bite them when the new equipment starts having serious breakdowns. If he’s hellbent on applying the same strategy as his past 2 companies instead of being flexible to the unique needs of Meati, his leadership skills are lacking. I hope the director attends some of this years MFG conferences and tries taking about this strategy.


    Sounds like the challenge here has everything to do with the Directors ego, and nothing to do with you and your teams value.


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    Spencer Pope
    MicroMain Corporation
    Durham NC
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  • 12.  RE: Shaping reliability strategy at a new manufacturing facility

    Posted 09-29-2022 04:02 PM
    Thank you Spencer for  saying that. TPM was a big debacle of the 1990's. As we should have been progressing toward framing maintenance in the context of integrated logistic support, the mindless acceptance of TPM set us back instead. TPM wouldn't work for a fleet of bicicles let alone a plant. It still surprises me when TPM occasionally reapears.





  • 13.  RE: Shaping reliability strategy at a new manufacturing facility

    Posted 09-29-2022 04:16 PM
    Agree Richard. 

    Surprisingly, TPM is still a core program in many companies today.  Maintenance still exists but as a necessary evil but all the energy is pushed into TPM execution with the goal still for operators to do all the heavy lifting.  It's 2022, and TPM results are still a failure in some organizations.

    ------------------------------
    Randy Riddell, CMRP, PSAP, CLS
    Reliability Manager
    Essity
    Cherokee AL
    ------------------------------



  • 14.  RE: Shaping reliability strategy at a new manufacturing facility

    Posted 09-29-2022 09:16 PM
    I've been invited in ISO 9001 programs in several organizations that claimed to have made progress toward their TPM targets.   What I generally found there was that at least 10% of the "operators' spent a huge percentage of their time on maintenance tasks because only those few had the knowledge and skills to consistently do it right.  Similarly one or more of the "production schedulers" spent all their time on maintenance planning.  Only the job titles and reporting structures really changed.   In fact, in the process of phasing down the Maintenance Department they usually transferred some of their best maintenance people to the Production Department.  If you choose to stay with that organization (which, as has been mentioned, would be a calculated risk) you might try to emphasize the knowledge and skills required to perform the complex maintenance tasks and insist that if operators are do those tasks they must be hired with those qualifications.   Then, as has also been mentioned, you end up with Maintenance operating the plant. 

    I wish you well, and I sincerely hope this helps.

    ------------------------------
    Daniel K Corman, CMRP
    Houston, Texas, USA
    ------------------------------



  • 15.  RE: Shaping reliability strategy at a new manufacturing facility

    Posted 09-30-2022 07:26 AM

    Brian's struggle is actually a the issue of establishing organizational levels of maintenance. Regardless of the naming and organizing of Brian's firm, his plant must sit down and make and document the decisions and rationale for the four levels. Brian is having his battles because his plant has not yet done this.

     Organizational levels of maintenance are the levels where categories of maintenance activities will be done organizationally.  For example, activities to inspect or adjust certain types equipment may be assigned to departments outside of maintenance. As defined below, there are four basic organizational levels.

    Activities assigned to operating functions.  The guiding criteria for this choice may include the following:

    ·       Simple tasks.

    ·       Tasks that can be accomplished within limited time and concentration.

    ·       Required maintenance skills of assigned personnel are limited.

    ·       Creates feedback, awareness or sensitivity to critical plant conditions for an operating group.

    Activities assigned to mobile and fixed maintenance functions and personnel. This level includes all types of maintenance tasks.  Different skill levels are identified within it.  Maintenance facilities will serve both this and the previous level.

    Activities assigned to specialized owner and manufacturer maintenance organizations.  These organizations and their facilities may be remote and serve more than one plant or owner.  The assigned tasks are beyond the capabilities of the previous levels. The level may be chosen as a function of the following criteria:

    ·       Complex or major equipment.

    ·       Required special working conditions, equipment, methods and skills.

    ·       Special requirements for spare and repair parts and their management.

    ·       For special environmental and other controls requirements.

    ·       Economics of scale and specialization.

    Activities assigned to contract maintenance organizations.  This choice cuts across the above organizational levels.  It may be driven by the following cases:

    ·       When contract services are better organized, skilled or developed than those available internally.

    ·       When existing resources cannot serve short-term workload requirements and still maintain the quality of its normal workload.






  • 16.  RE: Shaping reliability strategy at a new manufacturing facility

    Posted 09-30-2022 11:16 AM
    I wanted to thank everyone for your advice and insights. They have given me a better idea of how to approach this problem. I have meetings set up with Manufacturing in the coming weeks where I will make my case for a maintenance department even if it eventually becomes integrated under manufacturing. As a startup, our operators have all they can handle just learning the process and how to use the equipment. Pushing them into performing maintenance at this point takes away from their primary job duty, which is producing product for sale. Which is something we need to do as soon as possible given the competition we face.

    Regards,
    Brian Sinclair

    ------------------------------
    Brian Sinclair
    Sanford NC
    ------------------------------



  • 17.  RE: Shaping reliability strategy at a new manufacturing facility

    Posted 09-30-2022 11:51 AM
    I work at a facility that started up with the "no maintenance" plan.  Literally there was no maintenance and TPM and vendor support was the plan.  That didn't last very long as equipment had to be maintained.

    The plan quickly turned into contract maintenance as a stop gap and later maintenance was brought in house but no maintenance leadership (it fell under operations).   That didn't go smooth either.

    The evolution has been one migrating towards a typical functioning maintenance department or at least a hybrid of it.  However, the battle wages on.

    I understand your situation.  Good luck.  Inside the difficultly will be some interesting opportunities if you decide to endure.

    ------------------------------
    Randy Riddell, CMRP, PSAP, CLS
    Reliability Manager
    Essity
    Cherokee AL
    ------------------------------



  • 18.  RE: Shaping reliability strategy at a new manufacturing facility

    Posted 09-30-2022 01:25 PM

    Brian, in an earlier response this AM, I described the issue for setting maintenance levels that a plant must think through and set. For a startup it is one of the first tasks for charting how the production equipment will be maintained.

    Doing something concrete rather than having an open-ended debate is something for you to strive for at this point. Therefore, in your meeting with Manufacturing in the coming weeks, focus on getting all players to understand that the task to set policy for level must be done and get their agreement to get it done.

    Where exactly the functioning of the levels are structured in the plant is not as important as it is to assure that they are in effect and will be able to be effective wherever they are positioned. And you can't have a where discussion until you've finished the what discussion.

    In case you have not received the description of levels, I have included them below.

    Organizational levels of maintenance

    Organizational levels of maintenance are the levels where categories of maintenance activities will be done organizationally.  For example, activities to inspect or adjust certain types equipment may be assigned to departments outside of maintenance. There are four basic organizational levels.

    Activities assigned to operating functions.  The guiding criteria for this choice may include the following:

    ·       Simple tasks.

    ·       Tasks that can be accomplished within limited time and concentration.

    ·       Required maintenance skills of assigned personnel are limited.

    ·       Creates feedback, awareness or sensitivity to critical plant conditions for an operating group.

    Activities assigned to mobile and fixed maintenance functions and personnel. This level includes all types of maintenance tasks.  Different skill levels are identified within it.  Maintenance facilities will serve both this and the previous level.

    Activities assigned to specialized owner and manufacturer maintenance organizations.  These organizations and their facilities may be remote and serve more than one plant or owner.  The assigned tasks are beyond the capabilities of the previous levels. The level may be chosen as a function of the following criteria:

    ·       Complex or major equipment.

    ·       Required special working conditions, equipment, methods and skills.

    ·       Special requirements for spare and repair parts and their management.

    ·       For special environmental and other controls requirements.

    ·       Economics of scale and specialization.

    Activities assigned to contract maintenance organizations.  This choice cuts across the above organizational levels.  It may be driven by the following cases:

    ·       When contract services are better organized, skilled or developed than those available internally.

    ·       When existing resources cannot serve short-term workload requirements and still maintain the quality of its normal work load.