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Comprehensive Definition of PM and CM

  • 1.  Comprehensive Definition of PM and CM

    Posted 10-04-2022 02:42 AM

    Hello everyone. Hope this message meets you well.

    I have some questions regarding PM and CM definition which have popped up in my organization.

    My organization changes lubricant based on the condition of the oil analysis report, not according to OEM schedule. Although other components are as per the oil change interval as well.

    They have defined PM as below:

    Preventive maintenance is a series of activities that are regularly performed on a piece of equipment to lessen the likelihood of it failing. It is performed while the equipment is still working so that it does not break down unexpectedly.

    The objective of preventive maintenance can be summarized as follows:

    • Maintain assets and facilities in satisfactory operating condition by providing for systematic inspection, detection, and correction of incipient failures before they develop into major failure.
    • Maintenance, including tests, measurements, adjustments, and parts replacement, performed specifically to prevent failure from occurring.
    • Record asset health condition for analysis which leads to the development of corrective tasks.

    I have argued that this definition is not correct and have been tasked with a more comprehensive definition, based on the current practice of condition-based oil intervals.

    Based on the definitions above, we have had these arguments

    Scenario 1: if for example a compressor valve failed, and they plan to change it during the next PM or during the next available shutdown period, the classify it as a PM because it is planned. I advised that this is a CM, as a component failed even if there is a plan to replace it.

    Scenario 2: A coupling failed. Due to this failure, a campaign was introduced to replace all other couplings on other units. They classify as a PM.

    Scenario 3: If they see a cylinder head temperature lower than other cylinders on the unit, and they proactively stop the unit to change a failed spark plug, they classify it as a PM. I on the other hand, emphasize it's a CM because of a failed plug.

    My definition says any activity performed outside the PM interval is a CM, whether planned or unplanned so far, a failed component was replaced.

    Thank you for your help and guidance



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    Tamunoteyim Karibo
    Reliability Engineer
    Enerflex
    Abu Dhabi
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  • 2.  RE: Comprehensive Definition of PM and CM

    Posted 10-05-2022 09:04 AM
    Tamunoteyim, I suggest that your organization should adopt the definitions contained within the SMRP Best Practices Metrics. When these definitions were developed, we on the Best Practices Committee performed extensive research to come to consensus on these definitions. This should avoid confusion due to arbitrary interpretations and enable valid benchmarking between your organization and others.
    Regarding your scenarios:
    Scenario 1 - You are correct. The definitions for PM work and planned work are different.
    Scenario 2 - This sounds like the typical knee-jerk reaction most organizations have to a failure. Inspections may be warranted, but some would argue that blind replacement is stupid. There are a lot of factors that cause failure that can vary from machine to machine.
    Scenario 3 - You are correct. Corrective work arising from a condition monitoring inspection would be counted in the PM and PdM Yield metric.
    I hope this helps.
    Bruce

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    Bruce Hawkins, CMRP, CAMA
    cu77tiger55@yahoo.com
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  • 3.  RE: Comprehensive Definition of PM and CM

    Posted 10-05-2022 09:22 AM
    Tamunoteyim,
    Bruce is spot on and you as well. An organization is just fooling itself when it tries to get a number versus do what the asset needs.

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    Matthew Meyer
    Valrico FL
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  • 4.  RE: Comprehensive Definition of PM and CM

    Posted 10-06-2022 02:04 AM
    Thank you Bruce for this response. I strongly recommended inspections instead of campaign replacements. The PM and PdM Yield metric will be an interesting metric to track, but that is a metric for another day.

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    Tammy Karibo
    Reliability Engineer
    Enerflex
    Abu Dhabi
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  • 5.  RE: Comprehensive Definition of PM and CM

    Posted 10-05-2022 09:22 AM
    Tamunoteyim,
    I agree with Bruce that the SMRP definitions are the place to start. Words mean things, and conversations where everyone uses the same definitions usually have better outcomes.
    It sounds to me like people in your organization are confusing planned/unplanned with preventive/corrective. I'll state what you know for the sake of affirming your position:
    PM, including inspections, is Planned.
    CM can be planned- based on CBM/PdM outputs; or unplanned- either due to failure or based on CBM/PdM findings that suggest failure is imminent and replacement needs done immediately.

    Does management have performance metrics based on their own (incorrect) definitions for PM, CM, etc? That may be why your are meeting resistance. If this is the case, suggesting the use of SMRP definitions (why ask experts if they aren't going to listen to the answer?) and refine metrics based on those internationally accepted definitions.

    Best of luck. Let us know how you progress.
    Robert



  • 6.  RE: Comprehensive Definition of PM and CM

    Posted 10-05-2022 11:34 AM
    Tamunoteyim, the others that have commented have made the point that many have debated the "definitions" of CM, PM, PdM, etc. for years and that SMRP has invested time and energy to provide definitions.  Robert Wargo gets closer to the question that I would ask.  Are there Metrics tied to these definitions?  My question beyond that is what is the purpose of each of the Metrics?  In my opinion the most important thing to understand from, I assume in your case, the evaluation of the data in your CMMS / EMS work management system is whether you are doing the right maintenance at the right time for the best business outcome.  You can't do that just by knowing if something is a PdM, PM or CM.  Assuming that a PdM is purely data collection and evaluation, you need to know if it is actually identifying degraded conditions in your equipment before that equipment fails in service.  Does it drive a planned action, call it Preventive or Corrective, that restores the equipment condition to a "reliable" state.  For PM activity that is time based, are degraded conditions ever found?  Are failures occurring anyway?  Are the right actions being taken at the right interval?  For the CM's, the equipment has let you know that it needs to be worked on.  Is this happening at an expected frequency?  More often than expected?  Less often?  For all of the above, the equipment condition / failure data tells you much more than the Work Type label, if you capture that data. 

    As the others have said, if you are bench marking by work type, the internationally recognized definitions are most useful.  However, it will be difficult to make detailed reliability decisions based solely on work types.  The very good news is that you are part of an organization where you have colleagues that recognize that these questions are important to your companies performance!  There are many other companies where that is not the case. 

    Best Regards,

    ------------------------------
    Roger Shaw
    APM Consultant
    Salem CT
    Roger_Shaw@comcast.net
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  • 7.  RE: Comprehensive Definition of PM and CM

    Posted 10-06-2022 01:59 PM
    Whatever Bruce Hankins says, follow his advice. You won't go wrong.


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    Jack Nicholas P.E. CMRP, CRL, IAMC, CAPT USNR (Ret)
    Author , Keynote Speaker and Former CMRP Exam Director
    DBA Jack R Nicholas, Jr.
    Gettysburg PA USA 17325
    jdnicholas@supernet.com
    717-338-9166 (Home/Office/Recorder)
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  • 8.  RE: Comprehensive Definition of PM and CM

    Posted 10-29-2022 07:16 AM
    Dear Tamunoteyim,
    I have gone through the discussion thread. I would also agree that the SMRP standards are the best place to refer for all maintenance and reliability metrices as they have been elaborately discussed and vetted by an extensive process.
    Regards,
    Srihari

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    Srihari R ramasubramanian.srihari@gmail.comManager
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  • 9.  RE: Comprehensive Definition of PM and CM

    Posted 10-31-2022 09:44 AM
    Amen!!

    Sent from my iPhone




  • 10.  RE: Comprehensive Definition of PM and CM

    Posted 10-31-2022 09:23 AM
    A lot of good thoughts here. 
    The main concept I work with, and it seems it's aligned with people here, is the actual state of the equipment or component at the time the maintenance work is requested. If it's in a failed state (a failed spark plug, a failed coupling, or a failed compressor valve), then the work is CM; on the other hand, if the equipment or component isn't in a failed state, and the purpose of the work is proactive in nature, to perform an inspection, replace a component or lubricant, or even overhaul the equipment on a pre-defined frequency, or as a follow-up from other learnings (i.e., the case of the couplings inspection proactive replacements in your message), the work is PM.
    The complexity in this discussion may come from your definition of failure. For example, if you define failure as the vibration higher than a certain threshold value at certain frequency for a rolling bearing, or if the failure is defined as the bearing seizure. You could establish that replacing the bearing as a follow up from vibration monitoring is PM because the bearing did not fail, it was still running and performing its function.  My own preference is to establish the failure at the high vibration state and consider the work as CM - We actually do that in the company I work for.

    I hope it helps

    Regards


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    Luiz Ventura CRE, CRL
    Senior Reliability Manager
    The Dow Chemical Company
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